According to a certain educational philosophy, one's conduct is governed primarily by impulses, instincts, and experiences. Which philosophy is this?

The educational philosophy that posits that one's conduct is primarily governed by impulses, instincts, and experiences is Naturalism. This philosophy emphasizes the inherent qualities of nature and the belief that education should align with the natural impulses and instincts of individuals, allowing them to learn through their experiences in the world around them. Naturalism holds that education should be rooted in the natural development of a child, fostering learning through exploration and interaction with their environment.

In contrast, Pragmatism focuses on practical consequences and the idea that knowledge is rooted in experience but often leans more towards problem-solving and adaptability rather than strict instincts. Humanism emphasizes the value of human agency and the importance of personal growth and holistic development, which includes nurturing the individual's potential but doesn't solely attribute behavior to natural impulses. Existentialism, while acknowledging personal experience, foregrounds individual choice and freedom, stressing the importance of personal meaning over instinctual behavior. Thus, Naturalism most accurately captures the essence of behavior being governed by innate impulses and experiences.