What educational philosophy champions a return to core subjects like the "three R's"?

The choice of essentialism as the correct answer is rooted in its foundational belief that education should focus on essential knowledge and skills that are deemed necessary for students to function effectively in society. This philosophy emphasizes a structured curriculum centered around traditional core subjects, particularly the "three R's": reading, writing, and arithmetic. Essentialists advocate for a disciplined approach to education where mastery of these fundamental skills is prioritized, preparing students for future academic success and responsible citizenship.

In contrast to essentialism, perennialism emphasizes enduring ideas and universal truths rather than specific skills or knowledge, which makes it less focused on the practicalities of core subjects. Progressivism takes a more student-centered approach, focusing on experiential learning and the interests of students, often at the expense of a fixed curriculum centered on core subjects. Constructivism challenges the notion of predetermined knowledge, prioritizing the learner’s experience and construction of knowledge in a more fluid and subjective manner.

Essentialism uniquely champions a back-to-basics approach that seeks to establish a solid foundation in the academic skills necessary for all students, aligning with the emphasis on the "three R's."