Which educational philosophy can be seen as focusing on tradition and the instructional transmission of knowledge?

The choice of idealism as the correct answer aligns with its core principles, which emphasize the importance of enduring ideals and values over material interests. Idealism holds that reality is fundamentally mental and spiritual, and it stresses the significance of the mind, the self, and an inherent knowledge that is best communicated through education. This philosophy advocates for the transmission of established knowledge, often through classical texts and traditional educational methods, reflecting an emphasis on a well-rounded education that focuses on critical thinking and the development of moral values.

In contrast, progressivism is centered on experiential learning and the idea that education should evolve to meet the needs of students and society, rather than strictly adhering to traditional ideas. Behaviorism focuses primarily on observable behaviors and the stimuli that influence them, prioritizing reinforcement and conditioning rather than the transmission of knowledge through tradition. Constructivism emphasizes the learners' active role in shaping their own understanding, suggesting that knowledge is constructed through experiences rather than passed down from generation to generation. Thus, idealism stands out for its specific focus on tradition and the instructional transmission of knowledge.