Which ideology promotes the idea of specializing in a narrow field of knowledge?

Essentialism is an ideology that emphasizes a core set of knowledge and skills, advocating for a rigorous and structured curriculum focused on traditional academic subjects. This approach encourages students to gain in-depth understanding and mastery of foundational disciplines, often leading to specialization in a narrow field. By concentrating on essential knowledge deemed vital for meaningful participation in society, essentialist education prepares students to excel in their specific areas of interest and expertise.

In contrast, progressivism prioritizes experiential learning and exploration across various subjects, promoting a more holistic educational experience rather than specialization. Perennialism focuses on enduring ideas and universal truths, often engaging with classic works across disciplines but not necessarily driving students toward specialization in a narrow field. Reconstructionism advocates for social reform through education, thereby emphasizing broader societal issues over individual specialization.