Which of the following focuses on reconstruction of current issues?

The correct choice, which is Reconstructivism, emphasizes addressing and transforming current social issues through education. This philosophy advocates for a critical examination of society's problems, encouraging students and educators to engage actively in reconstruction and reform efforts. It seeks to promote social justice and equality, suggesting that education should not merely transmit knowledge but also empower learners to effect change in their communities.

In contrast, Essentialism focuses on core skills and knowledge deemed essential for students, often adhering to traditional educational practices rather than addressing social issues directly. Behaviorism concentrates on observable behaviors and the modification of those behaviors through reinforcement, with less emphasis on social or ethical considerations. Perennialism is centered on enduring ideas and universal truths, promoting the study of classic works but not necessarily engaging with contemporary issues. Therefore, Reconstructivism stands out for its commitment to addressing and reconstructing current challenges in society through an educational lens.