Which philosophical doctrine emphasizes experience over reason as a source of knowledge?

Pragmatism emphasizes experience as a primary source of knowledge, prioritizing practical consequences and real-world applications over abstract reasoning or theoretical frameworks. This doctrine suggests that knowledge is not static; instead, it is dynamic and shaped by our interactions with the environment and experiences. Pragmatists advocate for a process of inquiry that is grounded in actual experiences, valuing learning that emerges from engaging with the world around us.

In contrast, idealism tends to focus on ideas and concepts as the central elements of knowledge, often emphasizing a rational approach. Naturalism, while it values empirical evidence and the scientific method, does not explicitly prioritize experience in the same personal, experiential sense that pragmatism does. Humanism emphasizes human values and the importance of personal experience but often alongside reason and ethical considerations rather than prioritizing experience alone. Thus, pragmatism distinctly highlights the role of experiential learning as pivotal to understanding and acquiring knowledge.