Which philosophy emphasizes the existence of things within nature as the source of value?

Naturalism emphasizes that the source of value exists within nature itself. This philosophy suggests that everything can be explained by understanding the natural world and that moral values arise from our engagement with the actual, observable universe. Naturalists argue that what is fundamentally real is the physical world, and they reject supernatural explanations. In the context of education, this can translate into teaching methods that emphasize experiential learning and an appreciation of the environment, recognizing that human understanding and values are rooted in our experiences within the natural world.

In contrast, other philosophies focus on different aspects; for instance, pragmatism values practical consequences and real-world applications of ideas but does not specifically center nature as the source of value. Humanism focuses on human values and concerns, often elevating human experience above the natural world, while idealism centers on ideas and mental constructs as the primary reality, leaving behind the natural elements in determining values.